Disable auto back-buffer switch logic.
No point changing to the back-buffer automatically, should be for advanced/manual uses of the library.
This commit is contained in:
mrfaptastic
parent
47a79db50f
commit
c66fced326
2 changed files with 171 additions and 131 deletions
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@ -327,8 +327,16 @@ void RGB64x32MatrixPanel_I2S_DMA::updateMatrixDMABuffer(int16_t x_coord, int16_t
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//Show our work!
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i2s_parallel_flip_to_buffer(&I2S1, backbuf_id);
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//swapBuffer();
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if (immediateUpdate)
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refreshDMAOutput();
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//i2s_parallel_flip_to_buffer(&I2S1, backbuf_id);
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/*
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// There's no reason you'd want to do this in the draw pixel routine.
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if (autoBackBufferFlip)
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swapBuffer();
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*/
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} // updateDMABuffer
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@ -416,9 +424,23 @@ void RGB64x32MatrixPanel_I2S_DMA::updateMatrixDMABuffer(uint8_t red, uint8_t gre
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} // colour depth loop (8)
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} // end row iteration
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if (immediateUpdate)
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refreshDMAOutput();
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//i2s_parallel_flip_to_buffer(&I2S1, backbuf_id);
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/*
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// There's no reason you'd want to do this here either to be honest
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if (autoBackBufferFlip)
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swapBuffer();
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*/
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//Show our work!
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i2s_parallel_flip_to_buffer(&I2S1, backbuf_id);
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swapBuffer();
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//i2s_parallel_flip_to_buffer(&I2S1, backbuf_id);
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//swapBuffer();
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} // updateDMABuffer
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@ -13,59 +13,70 @@
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/*
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This is example code to driver a p3(2121)64*32 -style RGB LED display. These types of displays do not have memory and need to be refreshed
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continuously. The display has 2 RGB inputs, 4 inputs to select the active line, a pixel clock input, a latch enable input and an output-enable
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input. The display can be seen as 2 64x16 displays consisting of the upper half and the lower half of the display. Each half has a separate
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RGB pixel input, the rest of the inputs are shared.
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This is example code to driver a p3(2121)64*32 -style RGB LED display. These types of displays do not have memory and need to be refreshed
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continuously. The display has 2 RGB inputs, 4 inputs to select the active line, a pixel clock input, a latch enable input and an output-enable
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input. The display can be seen as 2 64x16 displays consisting of the upper half and the lower half of the display. Each half has a separate
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RGB pixel input, the rest of the inputs are shared.
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Each display half can only show one line of RGB pixels at a time: to do this, the RGB data for the line is input by setting the RGB input pins
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to the desired value for the first pixel, giving the display a clock pulse, setting the RGB input pins to the desired value for the second pixel,
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giving a clock pulse, etc. Do this 64 times to clock in an entire row. The pixels will not be displayed yet: until the latch input is made high,
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the display will still send out the previously clocked in line. Pulsing the latch input high will replace the displayed data with the data just
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clocked in.
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Each display half can only show one line of RGB pixels at a time: to do this, the RGB data for the line is input by setting the RGB input pins
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to the desired value for the first pixel, giving the display a clock pulse, setting the RGB input pins to the desired value for the second pixel,
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giving a clock pulse, etc. Do this 64 times to clock in an entire row. The pixels will not be displayed yet: until the latch input is made high,
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the display will still send out the previously clocked in line. Pulsing the latch input high will replace the displayed data with the data just
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clocked in.
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The 4 line select inputs select where the currently active line is displayed: when provided with a binary number (0-15), the latched pixel data
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will immediately appear on this line. Note: While clocking in data for a line, the *previous* line is still displayed, and these lines should
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be set to the value to reflect the position the *previous* line is supposed to be on.
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The 4 line select inputs select where the currently active line is displayed: when provided with a binary number (0-15), the latched pixel data
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will immediately appear on this line. Note: While clocking in data for a line, the *previous* line is still displayed, and these lines should
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be set to the value to reflect the position the *previous* line is supposed to be on.
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Finally, the screen has an OE input, which is used to disable the LEDs when latching new data and changing the state of the line select inputs:
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doing so hides any artifacts that appear at this time. The OE line is also used to dim the display by only turning it on for a limited time every
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line.
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Finally, the screen has an OE input, which is used to disable the LEDs when latching new data and changing the state of the line select inputs:
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doing so hides any artifacts that appear at this time. The OE line is also used to dim the display by only turning it on for a limited time every
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line.
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All in all, an image can be displayed by 'scanning' the display, say, 100 times per second. The slowness of the human eye hides the fact that
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only one line is showed at a time, and the display looks like every pixel is driven at the same time.
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All in all, an image can be displayed by 'scanning' the display, say, 100 times per second. The slowness of the human eye hides the fact that
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only one line is showed at a time, and the display looks like every pixel is driven at the same time.
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Now, the RGB inputs for these types of displays are digital, meaning each red, green and blue subpixel can only be on or off. This leads to a
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color palette of 8 pixels, not enough to display nice pictures. To get around this, we use binary code modulation.
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Now, the RGB inputs for these types of displays are digital, meaning each red, green and blue subpixel can only be on or off. This leads to a
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color palette of 8 pixels, not enough to display nice pictures. To get around this, we use binary code modulation.
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Binary code modulation is somewhat like PWM, but easier to implement in our case. First, we define the time we would refresh the display without
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binary code modulation as the 'frame time'. For, say, a four-bit binary code modulation, the frame time is divided into 15 ticks of equal length.
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Binary code modulation is somewhat like PWM, but easier to implement in our case. First, we define the time we would refresh the display without
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binary code modulation as the 'frame time'. For, say, a four-bit binary code modulation, the frame time is divided into 15 ticks of equal length.
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We also define 4 subframes (0 to 3), defining which LEDs are on and which LEDs are off during that subframe. (Subframes are the same as a
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normal frame in non-binary-coded-modulation mode, but are showed faster.) From our (non-monochrome) input image, we take the (8-bit: bit 7
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to bit 0) RGB pixel values. If the pixel values have bit 7 set, we turn the corresponding LED on in subframe 3. If they have bit 6 set,
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we turn on the corresponding LED in subframe 2, if bit 5 is set subframe 1, if bit 4 is set in subframe 0.
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We also define 4 subframes (0 to 3), defining which LEDs are on and which LEDs are off during that subframe. (Subframes are the same as a
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normal frame in non-binary-coded-modulation mode, but are showed faster.) From our (non-monochrome) input image, we take the (8-bit: bit 7
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to bit 0) RGB pixel values. If the pixel values have bit 7 set, we turn the corresponding LED on in subframe 3. If they have bit 6 set,
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we turn on the corresponding LED in subframe 2, if bit 5 is set subframe 1, if bit 4 is set in subframe 0.
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Now, in order to (on average within a frame) turn a LED on for the time specified in the pixel value in the input data, we need to weigh the
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subframes. We have 15 pixels: if we show subframe 3 for 8 of them, subframe 2 for 4 of them, subframe 1 for 2 of them and subframe 1 for 1 of
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them, this 'automatically' happens. (We also distribute the subframes evenly over the ticks, which reduces flicker.)
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Now, in order to (on average within a frame) turn a LED on for the time specified in the pixel value in the input data, we need to weigh the
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subframes. We have 15 pixels: if we show subframe 3 for 8 of them, subframe 2 for 4 of them, subframe 1 for 2 of them and subframe 1 for 1 of
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them, this 'automatically' happens. (We also distribute the subframes evenly over the ticks, which reduces flicker.)
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In this code, we use the I2S peripheral in parallel mode to achieve this. Essentially, first we allocate memory for all subframes. This memory
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contains a sequence of all the signals (2xRGB, line select, latch enable, output enable) that need to be sent to the display for that subframe.
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Then we ask the I2S-parallel driver to set up a DMA chain so the subframes are sent out in a sequence that satisfies the requirement that
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subframe x has to be sent out for (2^x) ticks. Finally, we fill the subframes with image data.
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In this code, we use the I2S peripheral in parallel mode to achieve this. Essentially, first we allocate memory for all subframes. This memory
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contains a sequence of all the signals (2xRGB, line select, latch enable, output enable) that need to be sent to the display for that subframe.
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Then we ask the I2S-parallel driver to set up a DMA chain so the subframes are sent out in a sequence that satisfies the requirement that
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subframe x has to be sent out for (2^x) ticks. Finally, we fill the subframes with image data.
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We use a frontbuffer/backbuffer technique here to make sure the display is refreshed in one go and drawing artifacts do not reach the display.
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In practice, for small displays this is not really necessarily.
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Finally, the binary code modulated intensity of a LED does not correspond to the intensity as seen by human eyes. To correct for that, a
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luminance correction is used. See val2pwm.c for more info.
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Note: Because every subframe contains one bit of grayscale information, they are also referred to as 'bitplanes' by the code below.
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We use a frontbuffer/backbuffer technique here to make sure the display is refreshed in one go and drawing artifacts do not reach the display.
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In practice, for small displays this is not really necessarily.
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*/
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/***************************************************************************************/
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/* HUB75 RGB pixel WIDTH and HEIGHT.
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*
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* This library has only been tested with a 64 pixel (wide) and 32 (high) RGB panel.
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* Theoretically, if you want to chain two of these horizontally to make a 128x32 panel
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* you can do so with the cable and then set the MATRIX_WIDTH to '128'.
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*
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* Also, if you use a 64x64 panel, then set the MATRIX_HEIGHT to '64', and it might work.
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*
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* All of this is memory permitting of course (dependant on your sketch etc.) ...
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*
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*/
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#define MATRIX_HEIGHT 32
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#define MATRIX_WIDTH 64
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#define MATRIX_ROWS_IN_PARALLEL 2
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/***************************************************************************************/
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/* ESP32 Pin Definition. You can change this, but best if you keep it as is... */
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@ -88,11 +99,7 @@
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#define CLK_PIN_DEFAULT 16
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/***************************************************************************************/
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/* HUB75 RGB Panel definitions and DMA Config. It's best you don't change any of this. */
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#define MATRIX_HEIGHT 32
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#define MATRIX_WIDTH 64
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#define MATRIX_ROWS_IN_PARALLEL 2
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/* Don't change this stuff unless you know what you are doing */
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// Panel Upper half RGB (numbering according to order in DMA gpio_bus configuration)
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#define BIT_R1 (1<<0)
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@ -135,6 +142,7 @@
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/***************************************************************************************/
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// note: sizeof(data) must be multiple of 32 bits, as ESP32 DMA linked list buffer address pointer must be word-aligned.
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struct rowBitStruct {
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MATRIX_DATA_STORAGE_TYPE data[((MATRIX_WIDTH * MATRIX_HEIGHT) / MATRIX_HEIGHT) + CLKS_DURING_LATCH];
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@ -162,69 +170,70 @@ typedef struct rgb_24 {
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uint8_t blue;
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} rgb_24;
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/***************************************************************************************/
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class RGB64x32MatrixPanel_I2S_DMA : public Adafruit_GFX {
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// ------- PUBLIC -------
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public:
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RGB64x32MatrixPanel_I2S_DMA(bool _doubleBuffer = false) // doublebuffer always enabled, option makes no difference
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: Adafruit_GFX(MATRIX_WIDTH, MATRIX_HEIGHT), doubleBuffer(_doubleBuffer) {
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backbuf_id = 0;
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brightness = 32; // default to max brightness, wear sunglasses when looking directly at panel.
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RGB64x32MatrixPanel_I2S_DMA(bool _immediateUpdate = true, bool _autoBackBufferFlip = false) // Refer to commentary in the private: section
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: Adafruit_GFX(MATRIX_WIDTH, MATRIX_HEIGHT), immediateUpdate(_immediateUpdate), autoBackBufferFlip(_autoBackBufferFlip) {
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backbuf_id = 0;
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brightness = 32; // default to max brightness, wear sunglasses when looking directly at panel.
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}
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// Painfully propagate the DMA pin configuration, or use compiler defaults
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void begin(int dma_r1_pin = R1_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_g1_pin = G1_PIN_DEFAULT, int dma_b1_pin = B1_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_r2_pin = R2_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_g2_pin = G2_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_b2_pin = B2_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_a_pin = A_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_b_pin = B_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_c_pin = C_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_d_pin = D_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_e_pin = E_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_lat_pin = LAT_PIN_DEFAULT, int dma_oe_pin = OE_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_clk_pin = CLK_PIN_DEFAULT)
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// Painfully propagate the DMA pin configuration, or use compiler defaults
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void begin(int dma_r1_pin = R1_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_g1_pin = G1_PIN_DEFAULT, int dma_b1_pin = B1_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_r2_pin = R2_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_g2_pin = G2_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_b2_pin = B2_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_a_pin = A_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_b_pin = B_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_c_pin = C_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_d_pin = D_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_e_pin = E_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_lat_pin = LAT_PIN_DEFAULT, int dma_oe_pin = OE_PIN_DEFAULT , int dma_clk_pin = CLK_PIN_DEFAULT)
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{
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/* As DMA buffers are dynamically allocated, we must allocated in begin()
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* Ref: https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/issues/831
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*/
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allocateDMAbuffers();
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// Change 'if' to '1' to enable, 0 to not include this Serial output in compiled program
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#if 1
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the R1_PIN\n", dma_r1_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the G1_PIN\n", dma_g1_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the B1_PIN\n", dma_b1_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the R2_PIN\n", dma_r2_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the G2_PIN\n", dma_g2_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the B2_PIN\n", dma_b2_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the A_PIN\n", dma_a_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the B_PIN\n", dma_b_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the C_PIN\n", dma_c_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the D_PIN\n", dma_d_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the E_PIN\n", dma_e_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the LAT_PIN\n", dma_lat_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the OE_PIN\n", dma_oe_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the CLK_PIN\n", dma_clk_pin);
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#endif
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/* As DMA buffers are dynamically allocated, we must allocated in begin()
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* Ref: https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/issues/831
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*/
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allocateDMAbuffers();
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// Change 'if' to '1' to enable, 0 to not include this Serial output in compiled program
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#if 1
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the R1_PIN\n", dma_r1_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the G1_PIN\n", dma_g1_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the B1_PIN\n", dma_b1_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the R2_PIN\n", dma_r2_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the G2_PIN\n", dma_g2_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the B2_PIN\n", dma_b2_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the A_PIN\n", dma_a_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the B_PIN\n", dma_b_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the C_PIN\n", dma_c_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the D_PIN\n", dma_d_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the E_PIN\n", dma_e_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the LAT_PIN\n", dma_lat_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the OE_PIN\n", dma_oe_pin);
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Serial.printf("Using pin %d for the CLK_PIN\n", dma_clk_pin);
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#endif
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configureDMA(dma_r1_pin, dma_g1_pin, dma_b1_pin, dma_r2_pin, dma_g2_pin, dma_b2_pin, dma_a_pin, dma_b_pin, dma_c_pin, dma_d_pin, dma_e_pin, dma_lat_pin, dma_oe_pin, dma_clk_pin ); //DMA and I2S configuration and setup
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flushDMAbuffer();
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swapBuffer();
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flushDMAbuffer();
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swapBuffer();
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swapBuffer();
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flushDMAbuffer();
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swapBuffer();
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}
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// TODO: Disable/Enable auto buffer flipping (useful for lots of drawPixel usage)...
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// TODO: Disable/Enable auto buffer flipping (useful for lots of drawPixel usage)...
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// Draw pixels
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virtual void drawPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t color); // overwrite adafruit implementation
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virtual void fillScreen(uint16_t color); // overwrite adafruit implementation
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void clearScreen() { fillScreen(0); }
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inline void drawPixelRGB565(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t color);
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inline void drawPixelRGB888(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint8_t r, uint8_t g, uint8_t b);
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inline void drawPixelRGB24(int16_t x, int16_t y, rgb_24 color);
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// TODO: Draw a frame! Oooh.
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//void writeRGB24Frame2DMABuffer(rgb_24 *framedata, int16_t frame_width, int16_t frame_height);
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virtual void drawPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t color); // overwrite adafruit implementation
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virtual void fillScreen(uint16_t color); // overwrite adafruit implementation
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void clearScreen() { fillScreen(0); }
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void drawPixelRGB565(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t color);
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void drawPixelRGB888(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint8_t r, uint8_t g, uint8_t b);
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void drawPixelRGB24(int16_t x, int16_t y, rgb_24 color);
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// TODO: Draw a frame! Oooh.
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//void writeRGB24Frame2DMABuffer(rgb_24 *framedata, int16_t frame_width, int16_t frame_height);
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// Color 444 is a 4 bit scale, so 0 to 15, color 565 takes a 0-255 bit value, so scale up by 255/15 (i.e. 17)!
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uint16_t color444(uint8_t r, uint8_t g, uint8_t b) { return color565(r*17,g*17,b*17); }
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@ -235,10 +244,15 @@ class RGB64x32MatrixPanel_I2S_DMA : public Adafruit_GFX {
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void swapBuffer() {
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backbuf_id ^=1;
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}
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void refreshDMAOutput()
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{
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i2s_parallel_flip_to_buffer(&I2S1, backbuf_id);
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}
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void setBrightness(int _brightness)
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{
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// Change to set the brightness of the display, range of 1 to matrixWidth (i.e. 1 - 64)
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// Change to set the brightness of the display, range of 1 to matrixWidth (i.e. 1 - 64)
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brightness = _brightness;
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}
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@ -247,50 +261,54 @@ class RGB64x32MatrixPanel_I2S_DMA : public Adafruit_GFX {
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private:
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void allocateDMAbuffers()
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{
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matrixUpdateFrames = (frameStruct *)heap_caps_malloc(sizeof(frameStruct) * ESP32_NUM_FRAME_BUFFERS, MALLOC_CAP_DMA);
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Serial.printf("Allocating DMA Refresh Buffer...\r\nTotal DMA Memory available: %d bytes total. Largest free block: %d bytes\r\n", heap_caps_get_free_size(MALLOC_CAP_DMA), heap_caps_get_largest_free_block(MALLOC_CAP_DMA));
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{
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matrixUpdateFrames = (frameStruct *)heap_caps_malloc(sizeof(frameStruct) * ESP32_NUM_FRAME_BUFFERS, MALLOC_CAP_DMA);
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Serial.printf("Allocating DMA Refresh Buffer...\r\nTotal DMA Memory available: %d bytes total. Largest free block: %d bytes\r\n", heap_caps_get_free_size(MALLOC_CAP_DMA), heap_caps_get_largest_free_block(MALLOC_CAP_DMA));
|
||||
|
||||
} // end initMatrixDMABuffer()
|
||||
|
||||
void flushDMAbuffer()
|
||||
{
|
||||
Serial.printf("Flushing buffer %d", backbuf_id);
|
||||
// Need to wipe the contents of the matrix buffers or weird things happen.
|
||||
for (int y=0;y<MATRIX_HEIGHT; y++)
|
||||
for (int x=0;x<MATRIX_WIDTH; x++)
|
||||
{
|
||||
//Serial.printf("\r\nFlushing x, y coord %d, %d", x, y);
|
||||
updateMatrixDMABuffer( x, y, 0, 0, 0);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
} // end initMatrixDMABuffer()
|
||||
|
||||
void flushDMAbuffer()
|
||||
{
|
||||
Serial.printf("Flushing buffer %d", backbuf_id);
|
||||
// Need to wipe the contents of the matrix buffers or weird things happen.
|
||||
for (int y=0;y<MATRIX_HEIGHT; y++)
|
||||
for (int x=0;x<MATRIX_WIDTH; x++)
|
||||
{
|
||||
//Serial.printf("\r\nFlushing x, y coord %d, %d", x, y);
|
||||
updateMatrixDMABuffer( x, y, 0, 0, 0);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
void configureDMA(int r1_pin, int g1_pin, int b1_pin, int r2_pin, int g2_pin, int b2_pin, int a_pin, int b_pin, int c_pin, int d_pin, int e_pin, int lat_pin, int oe_pin, int clk_pin); // Get everything setup. Refer to the .c file
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Update a specific pixel in the DMA buffer a colour
|
||||
// Update a specific pixel in the DMA buffer to a colour
|
||||
void updateMatrixDMABuffer(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue);
|
||||
|
||||
// Update the entire DMA buffer a certain colour (wipe the screen basically)
|
||||
// Update the entire DMA buffer (aka. The RGB Panel) a certain colour (wipe the screen basically)
|
||||
void updateMatrixDMABuffer(uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue);
|
||||
|
||||
// Internal variables
|
||||
bool dma_configuration_success;
|
||||
bool doubleBuffer;
|
||||
|
||||
// Pixel data is organized from LSB to MSB sequentially by row, from row 0 to row matrixHeight/matrixRowsInParallel (two rows of pixels are refreshed in parallel)
|
||||
frameStruct *matrixUpdateFrames;
|
||||
|
||||
// Internal variables
|
||||
bool immediateUpdate; // Purpose: as per the variable name says, the minute we change a pixel, tell the ESP32 to use this for the I2S DMA Output
|
||||
bool autoBackBufferFlip; // (Note: currently not used) Purpose: do we use the other buffer automatically after an update, or change to the 2nd buffer manually? Only use this if you know what you're doing. Otherwise for example, calling drawPixel three times (i.e. you're updating 3 pixels), will update pixel 1 on buffer 0, pixel on buffer 1, and pixel 3 on buffer 0 again - so you'll get weird output.
|
||||
|
||||
// Setup
|
||||
bool dma_configuration_success;
|
||||
|
||||
// Pixel data is organized from LSB to MSB sequentially by row, from row 0 to row matrixHeight/matrixRowsInParallel (two rows of pixels are refreshed in parallel)
|
||||
frameStruct *matrixUpdateFrames;
|
||||
|
||||
int lsbMsbTransitionBit;
|
||||
int refreshRate;
|
||||
|
||||
int backbuf_id; // which buffer is the DMA backbuffer, as in, which one is not active so we can write to it
|
||||
int lsbMsbTransitionBit;
|
||||
int refreshRate;
|
||||
|
||||
int backbuf_id; // which buffer is the DMA backbuffer, as in, which one is not active so we can write to it
|
||||
int brightness;
|
||||
|
||||
}; // end Class header
|
||||
|
||||
/***************************************************************************************/
|
||||
|
||||
// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5057021/why-are-c-inline-functions-in-the-header
|
||||
/* 2. functions declared in the header must be marked inline because otherwise, every translation unit which includes the header will contain a definition of the function, and the linker will complain about multiple definitions (a violation of the One Definition Rule). The inline keyword suppresses this, allowing multiple translation units to contain (identical) definitions. */
|
||||
inline void RGB64x32MatrixPanel_I2S_DMA::drawPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t color) // adafruit virtual void override
|
||||
{
|
||||
drawPixelRGB565( x, y, color);
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue